BUSINESS ENGLISH · A2/B1 · 50 min

The Bet on Being Everyone's Factory

In 2021, Intel decided to make computer chips for other companies, not only for itself. It spent billions of dollars on new factories. Will other companies come?

Ten words you need

Look at each word. Say what you think it means. Then tap the card.

Tap a card to see the meaning.

a chip
noun
A very small part inside computers and phones that does the thinking.
"Every phone has chips inside it."
a factory
noun — factories
A building where things are made.
"Intel built a new chip factory in Arizona."
a customer
noun
A person or company that buys something.
"The factory needs big customers."
a plan
noun
An idea about what you are going to do in the future.
"Intel had a big plan for new factories."
to lose money
verb — lost
To spend more money than you get.
"The factory business lost billions of dollars."
late
adjective
After the planned time.
"The factory in Ohio will be five years late."
to cancel
verb — cancelled
To decide that a planned thing will not happen.
"Intel cancelled its factory in Germany."
the government
noun
The group of people who control a country.
"The US government gave Intel money."
a share
noun
One of the many equal parts that a company is divided into. People buy shares to own part of a company.
"The government bought Intel shares."
a risk
noun
The chance that something bad will happen.
"Building a factory with no customers is a big risk."

Choose the right word

Write one word from the cards in each gap.

1. The train was twenty minutes , so I missed my meeting.

2. Our shop has a lot of happy s. They come back every week.

3. It rained, so they had to the football match.

4. My cousin works in a that makes chocolate.

5. What's your for the weekend?

6. Swimming alone in the sea at night is a big .

1. late  ·  2. customer  ·  3. cancel  ·  4. factory  ·  5. plan  ·  6. risk

Talk about it
  • How many things with chips do you use every day? Make a list.
  • Have you ever started something big — a course, a business, a building project — that took longer than planned?
  • Should governments give money to companies? Why or why not?

The story, in three parts

Read each part. Then answer the questions before you read the next part.

Part 1 — The big plan

Intel is an American company that makes chips for computers. For many years, it designed its chips and made them in its own factories.

But many other chip companies do not have factories. They pay a company in Taiwan, TSMC, or in South Korea, Samsung, to make their chips.

In 2021, Intel had a new boss, Pat Gelsinger. In March 2021, he told the world about a big plan: Intel was going to make chips for other companies too.

First, Intel said it was going to spend about 20 billion dollars on two new factories in Arizona. Then it promised new factories in Ohio, in Germany and in Poland.

True or false? Click your answer.

1. Before 2021, Intel only made chips for itself.

2. TSMC is a company in Germany.

3. Intel planned new factories in four places.

Talk about it
  • Why do you think Intel wanted to make chips for other companies?
  • Would you build a new factory before you had customers? Why or why not?

Part 2 — Expensive and late

The US government liked the plan. In 2024, it agreed to give Intel up to 7.9 billion dollars to help build factories in America.

But the new factory business lost money — about 13 billion dollars in 2024 alone. There were not enough customers yet.

The factories were late too. In 2025, Intel said its first factory in Ohio would only be ready in 2030. The first plan was 2025.

In December 2024, Pat Gelsinger left the company.

True or false? Click your answer.

1. The US government did not want to help Intel.

2. The factory business lost about 13 billion dollars in 2024.

3. The Ohio factory will be ready five years later than the first plan.

Talk about it
  • Was it right for Gelsinger to leave? Or did he need more time?
  • Have you ever waited a long time for something? How did you feel?

Part 3 — New rules, new owners

In March 2025, Intel got a new boss, Lip-Bu Tan. He made a new rule: first find the customers, then build the factory.

In July 2025, Intel cancelled the factories in Germany and Poland, and it slowed down the work in Ohio.

In August 2025, the US government bought about 10% of Intel’s shares for 8.9 billion dollars. Two big companies, SoftBank and Nvidia, also put billions of dollars into Intel.

Now the new factory in Arizona is making Intel’s newest chips, and in 2026 Intel’s sales grew fast. But Intel still needs big customers for its next chips. Will they come? Nobody knows yet.

True or false? Click your answer.

1. Lip-Bu Tan wants to build factories before finding customers.

2. The US government now owns part of Intel.

3. Intel has all the customers it needs.

Talk about it
  • Which rule do you prefer: “build first” or “customers first”? Why?
  • Tell the story again in six sentences. Use will, might and going to.

Talking about the future: will, probably, might, going to

Nobody knows how Intel’s story will end. When we talk about the future, we show how sure we are.

will / won't — we are sure (or very sure):
Intel will need more customers. · The factory won’t open this year.

will probably / probably won't — we think so, but we are not sure:
Intel will probably make money one day. · It probably won’t be easy.
Word order: will probably, but probably won’t.

might / might not — it is possible (50/50):
A big customer might sign next year. · The Ohio factory might not open in 2030.

going to — a plan, or something we can see coming now:
Intel is going to build a new factory. (a plan) · Look at those numbers — they’re going to lose money this year. (we can see it)

How sure?SayExample
100%will / won'tThe factory will be big.
about 70–80%will probably / probably won'tIt will probably be late.
about 50%might / might notA customer might come.
a planam / is / are going toWe’re going to wait.

Complete the sentences

Use the words in brackets.

1. I’m not sure, but it rain later. (might)

2. Next year we open a new office in Madrid — it's our plan. (going to)

3. Intel find a customer — I think so, but I’m not sure. (will probably)

4. Don’t worry, I forget your birthday. I promise! (won’t)

5. The new chips be cheap, because factories are very expensive. (probably won’t)

1. might  ·  2. are going to  ·  3. will probably  ·  4. won't  ·  5. probably won't

Find the mistake

Each sentence has one mistake. Say the correct sentence out loud, then check.

1. Intel will to build a new factory.

2. A customer mights sign next year.

3. The factory won’t probably open in 2026.

4. We going to wait for customers.

5. I think it will raining tomorrow.

1. Intel will build a new factory. (no to after will)

2. A customer might sign next year. (no -s after might)

3. It probably won’t open in 2026. (probably before won’t)

4. We are going to wait for customers. (you need am / is / are)

5. I think it will rain tomorrow. (will + base verb)

Speaking

Take your time. Short sentences are fine.

Time: 3:00
1 · Tell the story

Tell me the story in your own words. Six or seven sentences is enough.

Use these: In 2021, Intel decided to…It planned factories in…The government gave…The business lost…The new boss said…Now Intel needs…
2 · What will happen to Intel?

Make four guesses about Intel in 2030: one with will, one with will probably, one with might, one with probably won’t.

Use these: I think Intel will…It will probably…A big customer might…It probably won't…
3 · Your future

Talk about your next year at work or at home. What are you going to do (plans)? What might happen? What will probably happen?

Use these: I’m going to…I might…I’ll probably…I probably won’t…
4 · The meeting

You are the boss of a company. Your new factory is ready, but you have only one customer. Your workers are worried.

What do you tell them? What is going to happen? What might happen?

Use these: We are going to…I think we will…We might need to…I can’t promise, but…

If we have time

  1. Is it better to build something big and wait for customers, or start small? Why?
  2. Should a government own part of a company? What are the good and bad points?
  3. What new technology do you think will be important in ten years?