Have a go — no notes, and don't worry about getting it wrong first.
You've probably heard this word before. Complete the sentence:
"I have a cousin lives in Canada."
Say two sentences about people you know, each one starting "I've got a friend/cousin/neighbour who...". Any two people.
Neighbour A: Have you met the new tenant yet?
Neighbour B: Yes — she's the woman who just moved into flat 3. She's got an old car which never starts in the mornings.
Look again at the two bold words. One describes a person, one describes a thing. Say out loud which is which before you check.
Adding extra information about a person, right inside the sentence.
Three everyday sentences about people:
Before you check: what comes right after "who" in every sentence?
The second sentence disappears — "who" does its job instead, and the two ideas become one natural sentence.
Complete each sentence about a person. Type only the missing words.
1. Tom fixes bikes at weekends.
Introduce him: "I have a friend ."
2. My aunt Carla teaches yoga on Tuesdays.
Tell a friend about her: "I've got an aunt ."
3. Join these two sentences into one: "I know a woman. She runs the flower shop on the corner."
Think of three people in your life — a neighbour, a colleague, a family member. Say a sentence about each one: "She's the neighbour who...", "I've got a colleague who..."
The same idea, but for objects, places you can't visit yet, and other things.
Three everyday sentences about things:
Same question: what comes right after "which" or "that"?
1. My laptop keeps freezing.
Complain about it: "I have a laptop ."
2. This restaurant does amazing pizza.
Recommend it: "This is the restaurant ."
3. Someone left a jacket on the train.
Report it to lost property: "I found a jacket ."
Say two sentences about things you own, using which or that: "I've got a phone/bag/car which..." or "...that..."
For talking about a place without repeating "in it" or "at it".
What's different here — is there a preposition like "in" or "at" anywhere after "where"?
"In" disappears completely — "where" is already doing that job.
1. My grandmother was born in a small village in the mountains.
Point to it: "That's the village ."
2. We had our wedding party in that hotel.
Point it out to a friend: "That's the hotel ."
3. I first tried surfing on that beach.
Tell your friend: "That's the beach ."
Say two sentences about places that matter to you — a café, a school, a park: "That's the... where..."
Time to use who, which/that and where together in one real story — over to you.
Think of your street, your workplace, or your town. (If nothing comes to mind, invent one.)
Talk about it out loud for one minute. Try to include:
Write a short message (3–5 sentences) describing your street, workplace or town to a friend who's never been there. Include one person with who, one thing with which or that, and one place with where — the checker will tell you which ones it finds.
Real conversation doesn't tell you which word to use. Here everything is mixed — you decide.
Each sentence has one grammar mistake. Rewrite the whole sentence correctly.
1. "That's the man which fixed our sink."
2. "I've got a new phone who takes amazing photos."
3. "Naples is the city who I was born in."
4. "She's the friend who he lives in Rome."
5. "That's the electrician ___ fixed our lights."
6. "I bought a chair ___ collapsed after two days."
7. "This is the gym ___ I go every morning."
One-minute challenge: describe your morning routine, mentioning one person, one thing and one place — using who, which/that and where. Use the timer above if you like the pressure.
1. Complete this fact with the correct verb form: "My brother (work) in a bank."
2. Say it out loud: what's the difference between "this" and "that"? Give one example sentence with each.
3. My neighbour repairs old radios in his garage.
Introduce him: "He's the neighbour ."
4. This coat has two deep pockets.
Describe it: "I bought a coat ."
5. I learned to swim at that pool.
Point it out: "That's the pool ."
Which practice helped you most today — fixing the mistakes, choosing the right word, or the speaking tasks? Say why you think that one worked for you.
At the start we said: who, which, that and where, so you can describe people, things and places in longer sentences. Tick what's true:
Next lesson: words like some, any, much, many and a few.