Warm-up

Have a go — what do you already know about comparing things in English? No notes, don't worry about mistakes.

You already know one comparative form. Complete this sentence:

"This coffee shop is than the one next to my office."

SPEAK

Have a go out loud: say two things about your town or your street — one thing that's bigger and one thing that's cheaper than somewhere else you know.

Listen in on this conversation

Neighbour: How's the new flat working out?

You: Honestly? It's smaller than the old one, but it's way closer to work.

Look again at "way closer." Why do you think the speaker adds "way" instead of just saying "closer"? Say your idea out loud before you check.

Check your idea CLICK
Because "closer" alone just says there's a difference — "way" (like "much", "a lot", "far") says how big the difference is. English does this constantly in conversation: prices, journeys, weather, people.
Today: comparing things with -er/-est and more/most, saying two things are equal with as…as, and making comparisons stronger or softer with words like much, a bit and nearly — so you can compare prices, places, people and things naturally.

Bigger, Best, Worse: Making Comparisons

For prices, journeys, food, flats — anything you're comparing.

Spot the pattern

Three everyday comparisons:

Before you check: which words get -er/-est, and which get "more/most" instead?

Check the pattern CLICK
Short words (one syllable, or two ending in -y) add -er / -est: cheap → cheaper → cheapest, quick → quicker, fast → fastest.
Longer words use more / most instead: expensive → more expensive → most expensive.
A few common words break both rules: good → better → best, bad → worse → worst, far → further → furthest.
short word + -er / the -est
more / the most + long word
irregular: good → better → best | bad → worse → worst | far → further → furthest

Comparing two things — irregular forms included

"The traffic used to be terrible here."
→
"The traffic is better since they changed the lights."

"Good" doesn't follow either rule — it changes completely: good, better, best. Same with "bad": bad, worse, worst.

Your turn

Read the situation, then complete the comparison.

1. My train usually takes 45 minutes. Today the roadworks meant the bus took over an hour.

"The train's normally than the bus."

2. We tried two restaurants this week. The pasta at Luigi's was fine, but the pizza at Tony's was amazing.

"Tony's pizza was than Luigi's pasta."

3. We saw three flats today: one for £900, one for £1,100, and one for £1,400 a month.

"Of the three, the last one was ."

SPEAK

Think of two shops, two phones, or two neighbourhoods you know. Say three comparisons out loud, using -er, more, and at least one irregular form (better, worse, further).

Just as Good: Saying Things Are Equal

When two things are the same, or one isn't quite as much as the other.

Spot the pattern

Three everyday comparisons of equal things:

What goes on either side of the adjective? Say it before you check.

Check the pattern CLICK
as + adjective/adverb + as — "as" appears on both sides, and the adjective stays in its plain form (crowded, not "more crowded"). Add "not" before the first "as" to say something is less than the other.
as + adjective/adverb + as (equal)
not as + adjective/adverb + as (less than)

From "the same price" to "as expensive as"

"The new phone costs the same as the old one."
→
"The new phone is as expensive as the old one."

Your turn

1. Both supermarkets charge exactly £3 for a dozen eggs.

"Eggs here are at the shop next door."

2. My friend's flight was delayed by two hours too — the exact same as mine.

"My flight was hers."

3. This café gets busy at lunchtime, but the one next door is quiet all day.

"The café next door isn't this one."

SPEAK

Think of two friends, two jobs, or two towns you know well. Say two things that are equal (as…as) and one that isn't (not as…as).

How Big Is the Difference? Making Comparisons Stronger or Softer

Small words that say exactly how big — or how small — a difference is.

Spot the pattern

Where does each small word sit — next to a comparative, or next to "as…as"?

Check the pattern CLICK
far / much / a lot / a bit / slightly / rather go straight before a comparative (-er or more) to show how big the gap is.
nearly / almost / just / exactly go straight before "as…as" to show how close to equal something is.
The two groups don't mix — a comparative modifier never goes with "as…as", and the other way round.
far / much / a lot / a bit / slightly / rather + comparative
nearly / almost / just / exactly + as ... as
Watch out: never stack two comparative markers together. "Far more better" and "a bit more taller" don't exist — pick one comparative form (better, or taller) and put the modifier in front of it.

Your turn

1. My commute used to take 20 minutes. Now it takes 45.

"My commute is than it used to be."

2. The two cafés charge almost the same for coffee — £2.80 here, £2.90 next door.

"The coffee here is at the place next door."

3. My new phone weighs 180g. My old one weighed 175g — hardly any difference.

"My new phone is than my old one."

SPEAK

Compare two things you own, two places you've lived, or two jobs you've had. Say one far / much / a lot comparison and one nearly / almost as…as comparison.

Your Turn to Talk

Time to use all three patterns in one real comparison. It's your turn to talk.

The situation

Think of two things you can genuinely compare — two flats or houses you've lived in, two phones, two jobs, two towns, or two trips. (If nothing comes to mind, invent one.)

Talk about them out loud for one minute. Try to cover:

01:00

Now put it in writing

Write a short message (3–5 sentences) comparing the same two things to a friend. Use all three patterns from today — a comparative, an as…as, and a modifier — the checker will tell you which ones it finds.

Mix It Up

Real life doesn't tell you which pattern to use. Here everything is mixed — you decide.

Fix the mistakes

Each sentence has one grammar mistake. Rewrite the whole sentence correctly.

1. "This shop is more cheaper than the supermarket."

2. "My commute is as quick than my sister's."

3. "The new pedestrian crossing is a bit more safer than the old one."

4. "That was the baddest film I've seen all year."

Which form fits?

5. "Out of all the phones I've tried, this one is ___."

6. "The queue today is ___ yesterday — maybe even a little shorter."

7. "This is ___ restaurant in town — everyone says so."

SPEAK

One-minute challenge: compare three restaurants, shops or routes you know. Use at least one -er/more, one as…as, and one modifier — correct yourself out loud if you slip.

What Do You Remember?

First, from earlier lessons

1. The form you knew before today — complete it: "This coffee is than that one."

2. Say it out loud: what word do we almost always need in front of a superlative like "biggest" or "most expensive"?

Check your answer CLICK
the — "the biggest", "the most expensive". It's easy to forget, but superlatives almost always need it.

Now, today's grammar — fresh sentences, no looking back

3. It was 15°C in my city yesterday; it's 22°C today.

"Today is than yesterday."

4. We both got parking fines this week — mine was £60, and so was his.

"My fine was his."

5. The gym membership used to be £40; now it's £42 — hardly changed.

"The membership is than before."

Think back

Which practice helped you most today — fixing the mistakes, choosing the right form, or the speaking tasks? Say why you think that one worked for you.

Can you now...?

At the start we said: comparatives, as…as, and modifiers so you can compare things naturally. Tick what's true:

Anything you didn't tick — go back to that tab and try the exercises once more. They'll still check your answers.