PREPARATION

B1 • Lesson 36

Signposting

Vocabulary and reading to prepare for your lesson

Target Vocabulary

Click each word to see its meaning and an example.

Key Words

signposting noun

Language that guides listeners through the structure of your talk.

"Good signposting helps your audience understand where you are in your presentation."

to transition / transition verb / noun

To move from one topic or idea to another smoothly.

"Now I'll transition to the second point of my presentation."

to outline / an outline verb / noun

To give a general plan or summary of the main points.

"Let me outline what I'll be discussing today in my talk."

to elaborate / elaborate verb / adjective

To explain something in more detail; detailed and complicated.

"I won't elaborate on that point now, as I'll cover it later."

coherent / coherence adjective / noun

Well-organized and logical; hanging together in a sensible way.

"The coherence of his argument made it easy to follow and understand."

to reference / reference verb / noun

To mention or draw attention to something; a mention of something.

"I'll reference the previous point to show how these ideas connect."

Speaking Chunks

Let me outline my main points chunk

Used at the beginning of a talk to tell listeners what you'll cover.

"Let me outline my three main points: first, we'll discuss benefits; second, we'll address costs; and third, we'll look at implementation."

Moving on to... chunk

Used to transition from one point to the next.

"Moving on to my second point, let's discuss the practical implications."

I'd like to elaborate on that chunk

Used when you want to provide more detail about a topic.

"I'd like to elaborate on the budget numbers I mentioned earlier."

To summarize what I've covered chunk

Used near the end of a talk to recap main ideas.

"To summarize what I've covered, we've looked at three key areas of concern."

As I mentioned earlier... chunk

Used to reference a point you made earlier in your talk.

"As I mentioned earlier, this approach has proven successful in similar situations."

That brings me to my final point chunk

Used to transition to your last main point.

"That brings me to my final point, which concerns future planning."

Reading: Keeping Your Audience on Track

Signposting is the art of using language to guide your audience through your talk. It's like putting signs along a road to help travelers know where they are and where they're going. Without good signposting, even a well-researched presentation can seem confusing because listeners get lost and struggle to follow your logic.

Good signposting happens at every stage of a presentation. At the beginning, outline your main points so listeners know what to expect. In the middle, use transitional phrases to show when you're moving from one idea to another. Near the end, summarize what you've covered. These techniques create coherence and help listeners remember your key messages.

There are many types of signposting language. Some phrases preview what's coming: "Next, I'll discuss..." Others reference what came before: "As I mentioned earlier..." Still others signal connections between ideas: "This relates to my earlier point about..." By varying your signposting language, you keep your presentation interesting while maintaining clarity.

Signposting is particularly important in longer presentations or complex topics. When listeners understand the structure of your talk and know how each point connects to others, they can follow more complex material. This technique also gives your audience confidence that you're organized and knowledgeable.

Effective signposting makes the difference between a presentation that confuses and one that persuades. By guiding your listeners carefully through your argument, you ensure they understand and remember your message.

~310 words • B1 Level

Discussion Questions

Think about these questions before your lesson. You don't need to write answers—just consider your thoughts.

Keyword Speaking Practice

For each question above, write maximum 3 keywords — no sentences. Then practise speaking your answer out loud from just the keywords.

Q1: "Can you think of a presentation or talk you listened to? How did the speaker guide you through the content?"

Your 3 keywords: / /

Now say your answer out loud. Speak for about 30 seconds from just your keywords.

Q2: "What signposting phrases do you use most naturally in your own language?"

Your 3 keywords: / /

Speak for 30 seconds. Let your brain build the sentences from the keywords.

Q3: "How important is clear organization and signposting in your profession or field of study?"

Your 3 keywords: / /

Say your answer out loud — don't just think it! Your keywords are enough.

Remember: keywords only. Your brain does the rest. Mistakes are good — they mean you're practising speaking, not reading.

Start Lesson 36 →

Preparation time: ~15 minutes