Warm-up

Let's see what comes to mind first — no notes, and don't worry about small mistakes.

Anna: I love your bag! Where's it from?

Sara: Thanks! I found it in a little shop in Rome — it's made in Italy, actually.

Look at "it's made in Italy." Do we know the name of the person who made it? Say your idea out loud before you check.

Check your idea CLICK
No — and it doesn't matter. Sara only cares about the bag, not the person who made it. English often puts the thing first and leaves the person out completely. That's the pattern we look at today.

You already know a form like this. Complete the sentence:

"I born in Italy, but I live in London now."

SPEAK

Have a go out loud: say one thing that is made in your country, and one thing that was invented there.

Today: two ways to talk about things without saying who did them — is/are made (facts about now) and was/were stolen, built, found (things that happened) — so you can talk about where things come from and what happened to your things.

Where Things Come From: "Made in Italy"

For facts that are still true today — where things come from, what's normal, what's true in general.

Spot the pattern

Three everyday facts:

Before you check: what two ingredients appear in every bold phrase?

Check the pattern CLICK
am / is / are + past participle (made, grown, spoken). We choose "am" for I, "is" for he/she/it, "are" for we/you/they — for example, "I'm invited to my cousin's wedding."
am (I) / is (he, she, it) / are (we, you, they) + past participle
Careful: not every present-tense sentence needs the passive. Times and routines usually stay active: "The shop opens at 9" (NOT "is opened"), "The film starts at 8." Those are just facts about time — nobody is "doing" anything to the shop or the film.

Your turn

Complete each fact. Type only the missing verb phrase.

1. Workers produce wine in France.

Say it about the wine: "Wine in France."

2. People speak German in Austria.

Say it about the language: "German in Austria."

3. The gift shop sells these postcards.

Say it about the postcards: "These postcards in the gift shop."

SPEAK

Say three things about your country: something that is made there, something that is grown there, and a language that is spoken there.

What Happened: "My Bag Was Stolen"

For things that happened and finished — lost property, news, history.

Spot the pattern

Three things that happened:

What's the structure this time? Say it before you check.

Check the pattern CLICK
was / were + past participle. Same idea as before, but this time the action is finished and in the past.
was (I, he, she, it) / were (we, you, they) + past participle

From "someone did it" to "it was done"

"Someone took my seat."
→
"My seat was taken."

The thing you care about ("my seat") moves to the front. "Someone" disappears — you don't know or don't need to say who it was.

Your turn

1. Someone stole her phone from her bag.

Give her the news: "Her phone from her bag."

2. Someone found my keys under the sofa.

Tell your flatmate: "My keys under the sofa."

3. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.

Say it about the telephone: "The telephone in 1876."

SPEAK

Say two things that happened to you recently, without naming who did it: something that was lost, found, broken or stolen.

Active or Passive?

Both forms exist for a reason. Here's how to choose.

Spot the pattern

Compare each pair:

Why does English switch to the passive version each time? Say your idea before you check.

Check your idea CLICK
Because who did it is unknown or unimportant — the speaker wants to talk about the bread, the umbrella, the bridge, not about the person. When the doer really matters, English stays active: "My grandmother made this bread" (we care WHO).
Active: doer + verb + thing
Passive: thing + am/is/are/was/were + past participle

Your turn

Rewrite each sentence in the passive. Put the thing first.

1. "Somebody broke this window last night."

2. "They make these chocolates in Belgium."

3. "This perfume ___ in France — it has smelled the same for over a hundred years."

SPEAK

Look at something near you. Say one sentence about who made it or found it (active), then say the same idea again without naming the person (passive).

Your Turn to Talk

Time to use both forms about something real. You do the talking.

The situation

Think of something you own — a phone, a bag, a piece of clothing, a gift. (If nothing comes to mind, invent one.)

Tell the whole story out loud for one minute. Try to answer:

01:00

Now put it in writing

Write a short message (3–5 sentences) to a friend about the same thing. Use both forms from today — the checker will tell you which ones it finds.

Mix It Up

Real life doesn't tell you which form to use. Here everything is mixed — you decide.

Fix the mistakes

Each sentence has one grammar mistake. Rewrite the whole sentence correctly.

1. "My bike was steal yesterday."

2. "These jeans is make in Turkey."

3. "My wallet stolen from my bag."

4. "This cake were baked by my grandmother."

Which form fits?

5. "My phone ___ when it fell off the table this morning."

6. Which sentence is correct?

SPEAK

One-minute challenge: describe your kitchen. Say what is made or grown near your home, and one thing that was bought, given, or broken recently. Use the timer above if you like the pressure.

What Do You Remember?

First, a quick check on something more basic

1. Simple past tense — complete it: "Yesterday, my sister (clean) the kitchen."

2. Say it out loud: in an active sentence like "The chef cooked the pizza," which word usually comes first — the person doing the action, or the thing?

Compare with the answer CLICK
In an active sentence, the person (the subject) usually comes first. In a passive sentence, the thing comes first instead — that's the big difference from today: "The pizza was cooked."

Now, today's grammar — fresh sentences, no looking back

3. Farmers grow olives in Greece.

Say it about the olives: "Olives in Greece."

4. A thief took her necklace last week.

Give the news: "Her necklace last week."

5. Skilled workers make these watches in Switzerland.

Say it about the watches: "These watches in Switzerland."

Think back

Which practice helped you most today — fixing the mistakes, choosing the right form, or the speaking tasks? Say why you think that one worked for you.

Can you now...?

At the start we said: two forms so you can talk about where things come from and what happened to them. Tick what's true:

Anything you didn't tick — go back to that tab and try the exercises once more. They'll still check your answers.

Next lesson: Passive Voice in Everyday English (B1) →