SHORT STORIES, LONG SHADOWS · A2/B1 · 50 min

Hands

A story by Sherwood Anderson (1919) — a shy man in a small town, and the secret in his hands.

Today: you'll tell the story of a shy man and the town that hurt him, and use personality adjectives — shy, nervous, lonely, angry — with very, quite and a little.
Before we read:
  • Describe a shy person you know. What do they do with their hands when they talk?
  • Do you live in a small town or a big city? Do people talk about their neighbours?
  • Is it easy to be different in a small town?

Key words — think first, then check

Before we read, let's learn the words you'll need. Think first — then click Reveal to check.

A. Guess from the sentence

Read the sentence. What does the bold word mean? Then reveal.

1. He was very shy. He did not like to talk to people, and he looked at the floor when they spoke to him.
shy (adj) — not comfortable with other people; quiet and a little afraid.
2. Before the exam she was nervous: her hands moved all the time and she could not sit still.
nervous (adj) — worried and a little afraid; not calm.
3. He lived alone for twenty years. He had no family and only one friend. He was lonely.
lonely (adj) — sad because you are alone and have no friends.
4. He wanted to hide his hands. He put them in his pockets or behind his back.
to hide (v) — to put something where people cannot see it. hide – hid – hidden

B. Which word is it?

Read the meaning. Say the word. The first letter helps you.

5. A person whose job is to help children learn at school. It begins with t.
a teacher (n). He was a young teacher in a small town.
6. Pictures and stories in your head when you are sleeping — or a big hope for the future. It begins with d.
a dream (n) / to dream (v). The boy told his dreams as if they were true.
7. Something you say that is not true. It begins with l.
a lie (n) / to lie (v). The boy told lies about the teacher.

C. Choose the meaning

Read the sentence and choose a, b or c. Then reveal.

8. The fathers were angry. They shouted and one of them hit the teacher. — angry means: (a) happy (b) very unhappy and wanting to shout or fight (c) tired
(b) — angry (adj) — feeling strong displeasure; wanting to shout or fight.
9. People thought his hands were strange — they never stopped moving. — strange means: (a) normal (b) beautiful (c) unusual, not like other people's
(c) — strange (adj) — unusual; different from what is normal.
10. The small town had one main street, a bank, a hotel and a newspaper. — a town is: (a) a very big city (b) a place with houses, shops and streets, smaller than a city (c) a farm
(b) — a town (n) — a place with houses, shops and streets; bigger than a village, smaller than a city.

Now use them — out loud

Talk it through before we read:
  • Make one sentence with shy and hide, and one with teacher and lie.
  • Look at the ten words. Is this a happy story? What do you think happens to the shy man?

The story, in three parts

This is a famous American story, told here in simple English. It is sad, and it is about a lie. Read each part, then try the questions from memory.

Part 1 — The man with the moving hands

In a small town called Winesburg, in Ohio, there was a little old man called Wing Biddlebaum. He lived alone in a small house near the edge of town. He was very shy and very nervous. He lived in Winesburg for twenty years, but he did not have friends. People called him 'the town mystery'.

Only one person was his friend: George Willard, a young man who worked for the town newspaper. Sometimes in the evening George walked out to Wing's house, and they talked. With George, Wing was a different man. His quiet voice became loud. He stood up straight. He talked and talked.

But Wing had a problem: his hands. They never stopped moving. They were quick and nervous, like the wings of a bird in a cage — that is why people called him 'Wing'. He was afraid of his own hands. He tried to hide them in his pockets or behind his back. When he talked, he hit the table with his fists, because that made him feel better.

The people of Winesburg liked his hands for one reason: with them he could pick more strawberries than any other man in the town.

Quick check — answer from memory, then reveal:

1. Who was Wing's only friend?

2. Why did people call him 'Wing'?

1. George Willard, a young man who worked for the town newspaper.

2. Because his hands never stopped moving — like the wings of a bird.

Discuss:
  • Why do you think Wing was afraid of his own hands? Guess.

Part 2 — An afternoon on the hill

George wanted to ask about the hands. Why did they move like that? Why did Wing hide them? But he did not ask, because he respected the old man.

One summer afternoon, they sat on a grassy hill. Wing talked like a man in a dream. "You are destroying yourself, George," he said. "You want to be like the other people in this town. You listen to them and you copy them. You must forget all that. You must dream."

For a moment, Wing forgot about his hands. They came out of his pockets and rested on George's shoulders. "You must begin to dream," he said again. His eyes shone.

Then he lifted his hands to touch the boy's hair — and suddenly his face was full of fear. He jumped up and pushed his hands deep into his pockets. There were tears in his eyes. "I must go home. I can't talk any more," he said, and he ran away down the hill.

George sat there, surprised and a little afraid. "I will never ask him about his hands," he thought. "There is something wrong, but I don't want to know what it is."

Quick check — answer from memory, then reveal:

1. What advice did Wing give George?

2. Why did Wing suddenly run away?

1. Stop copying the other people in the town. Forget what you learned from them. Begin to dream.

2. He lifted his hands to touch George's hair, and suddenly he was full of fear. He hid his hands and ran home.

Discuss:
  • George decides not to ask. Is that kind, or is it a mistake?

Part 3 — The teacher

Here is the story of the hands. Twenty years before, Wing was a young teacher in a town in Pennsylvania. His name then was Adolph Myers. He was a good teacher, and the boys in his school loved him. When he talked to them, he touched their shoulders and their hair. It was his way of talking. It was gentle, and the boys learned to dream.

Then one boy in the school — a boy with a strange mind — began to have dreams about the teacher at night. In the morning, he told the dreams as if they were true. He told lies. The people of the town heard the lies, and they believed them. Other boys said: "He put his arm around me." "He touched my hair."

One afternoon an angry father came to the school and hit the teacher again and again. "Keep your hands off my boy!" he shouted. That night, twelve men came to the teacher's house with lamps and a rope. They wanted to hang him. But he looked so small and white and frightened that they let him run. Then they were angry with themselves, and they ran after him and threw sticks and mud.

Adolph Myers ran away in the dark. He found a new name — Biddlebaum — on a box at a train station. He came to Winesburg and lived there for twenty years, working in the fields and hiding his hands. He never understood what had happened. But he was sure of one thing: the hands were to blame.

That night, after George went home, Wing ate a little bread and honey. Then he saw some crumbs on the clean floor. He knelt down under the lamp and picked them up, one by one, very fast, with his nervous fingers. He looked like a priest at prayer.

Quick check — answer from memory, then reveal:

1. What was Wing's real name, and what was his job?

2. What did the men of the town do to him?

1. Adolph Myers. He was a teacher in a town in Pennsylvania.

2. A father hit him at the school. Then twelve men came at night with a rope; they let him run, then chased him and threw sticks and mud. He ran away and changed his name.

Discuss:
  • The story says the boy told lies, and the town believed them. Why do people believe bad stories so quickly?

The grammar this story runs on: describing people

This story is full of personality: a shy, nervous, lonely man; an angry town; a quiet young friend. To describe people well, you need the adjectives — and the little words that make them stronger or softer.

Personality adjectives: shy, nervous, lonely, quiet, friendly, angry, kind, gentle, strange, brave, honest, lazy.
They go after be ("He is shy") or before a noun ("a shy man").
Make them stronger or softer:
• very shy = a lot • quite shy = more than a little, less than very • a little shy / a bit shy = only a small amount
"Wing was very nervous. George was quite quiet. The town was a little strange."
Opposites help you describe: shy ↔ confident · nervous ↔ calm · lonely ↔ popular · angry ↔ calm / happy · kind ↔ cruel · quiet ↔ loud.

1. Choose the adjective

One each, from: shy · angry · lonely · gentle · strange.

1. Wing lived alone for twenty years with no friends. He was very .

2. The teacher touched the boys' hair softly when he talked. He was .

3. The father shouted and hit the teacher. He was very .

4. Wing hid behind his door when people came. He was very .

5. His hands never stopped moving. People thought they were .

1. lonely

2. gentle

3. angry

4. shy

5. strange

2. very, quite or a little?

Read the sentence and choose the word that fits the meaning.

1. Wing did not talk to anyone in twenty years. He was shy. (very / a little)

2. George was surprised, but not afraid — only afraid. (very / a little)

3. With George, Wing was different: loud and happy. (quite / a little — choose one for both)

4. Twelve men came with a rope. They were angry. (a little / very)

1. very

2. a little

3. quite / quite

4. very

3. Opposites

Write the opposite adjective.

1. Wing was shy. George was more .

2. The men were angry. Later, for a moment, they were and let him go.

3. In Winesburg Wing was lonely. In Pennsylvania, with his boys, he was .

4. The teacher was gentle. The father was .

1. confident

2. calm (or kind)

3. popular (or happy)

4. cruel (or violent)

In the Speak tab, describe every person in the story with an adjective and very, quite or a little.

Why people still read this story

Sherwood Anderson (1876–1941) worked in an office in Ohio. One day in 1912 he walked out and never went back. He became a writer. His book Winesburg, Ohio (1919) has twenty-two stories about the secret lives of people in one small town. 'Hands' is the first story.

The story never says clearly: 'The teacher did nothing wrong.' It says the boy told dreams as facts, and the teacher never understood what happened. Then it shows what the town did: a beating, a rope, twenty years of silence. At the end, Wing picks up crumbs 'like a priest'. The hands the town was afraid of become holy.

Look at the town. Winesburg is proud of Wing's hands — because they pick a lot of strawberries. Is that a good reason to be proud of a person?

Go deeper — talk it through

Discuss:
  • Wing tells George: 'Don't copy the people in this town. Dream.' Is that good advice?
  • George never asks about the hands. Is he kind, or is he afraid?
  • The men felt sorry for the teacher and let him run. Then they were angry with themselves. Why?
  • Wing believes 'the hands were to blame'. Why does he blame himself and not the town?

Speak

This is the heart of the lesson — do all three out loud. The timer helps you keep going: fill the time with details.

Useful language: Describe people: "He was very shy.", "The town was quite proud of…", "George was a little afraid." For opinions: "I think…", "In my opinion…", "The sad thing is…".
Time remaining: 4:00
Task A · Tell the story (4 minutes)

Tell 'Hands' to someone who does not know it: the shy man → his one friend → the hands → the afternoon on the hill → the teacher and the lie → the rope → twenty years later.

Use personality adjectives with very / quite / a little, and at least five key words (shy, nervous, lonely, hide, teacher, dream, lie, angry, strange, town).

Task B · Was the town right? (3 minutes)

The town believed a boy's story and hurt the teacher. Were they right to protect their children? Give your opinion and two reasons. Then give the opposite opinion for one minute.

Task C · Describe a person (4 minutes)

Describe a person — real, famous or from a story — using at least five personality adjectives with very, quite or a little. Say what happened to them because of their personality.

Not sure what to talk about? Choose one:

  • A shy person who became famous.
  • A teacher you remember — kind, strict, funny or strange.
  • A character in a film or a book who was different from everyone around them.
  • A person in a small town who everybody talked about.
  • Yourself at the age of ten.
  • A person you invent: an old man, a small house, and one friend.

To finish — the bigger questions

  1. Wing was gentle, and the town thought he was dangerous. Can gentle people be misunderstood more easily than others?
  2. Is it better to live alone and safe, like Wing, or to try again with people?
  3. What is the most important adjective for a good teacher?
  4. Before you go — from memory: describe three people from the story with an adjective and very, quite or a little.